Cerebrovascular Accident or stroke is a medical emergency occurs when blood flow to any part of your brain is interrupted or reduced depriving oxygen and nutrients to brain tissue leading to the death of brain cells. The brain damage is analysed based on the location and intensity of the stroke. For example, a person with a minor stroke might have temporary weakness of an arm or leg, in case of major strokes, it may paralyze one side of the body of the affected person or a person might lose ability to speak or any of the senses.
Strokes can occur to anyone at any point of time but they are treatable under the supervision of specialised doctors like neurosurgeon or neurologist. There are few people who recovers completely from the strokes but mostly 2/3rd of the survivors develop some kind of disability.
There are various tools to determine whether you have had a stroke or not. A full physical examination is conducted to check your reflexes, vision, speech, senses, strength and blood pressure in case if you have had a stroke. Healthcare providers also look for a particular kind of sound in your blood vessels known as bruit, which helps in identifying any abnormal blood flow.
Prompt treatment is very crucial to treat strokes at the right time. One should pay attention to following signs and symptoms and can help themselves and others to avoid strokes :
The treatment of stroke depends on the type of stroke. The types of stroke are
Hemorrhagic Stroke or brain haemorrhages occurs when a blood vessel in your brain ruptures or leaks due to hypertension (uncontrolled blood pressure), blood thinners or weak spots in blood vessel walls (aneurysms). The goal of Hemorrhagic stroke treatment is to control the bleeding. A drug that lowers the pressure in your brain caused by the bleeding is given to patient to treat such kind of stroke. In case of severe bleeding, doctors might go for a surgery to remove excess blood and to repair the ruptured blood vessel.
This is most common cause of the stroke. Ischemic strokes occur when the arteries to the brain become narrowed or blocked leading to reduced blood flow in the brain. The goal of this treatment is to restore the blood flow. A clot dissolving drug or blood thinner is given to treat ischemic stroke. Sometimes removing a blockage through percutaneous catheter is taken into consideration, done by a specialist neurosurgeon or interventional radiologist.
In some cases, certain people experience a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. Such condition is known as Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) which doesn’t cause permanent damage but requires medical treatment and need to be investigated fully.
A healthy lifestyle and doctor’s recommendation is a best step to lower down the risk of stroke.
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